AI: Artificial intelligence
refers to the art and science of creating computer systems that simulate human thought and behavior
Artificial intelligence methodologies
consist of the various approaches to AI research that generally fall under one of two categories: conventional AI or computational intelligence
Autonomous Vehicles
any vehicle that operates autonomously, without the aid of a human
Bayesian network
sometimes called a belief network, is a form of conventional AI that uses a graphical model to represent a set of variables and their relationships and dependencies
Behavior-based AI
a form of conventional AI that is popular in programming robots
Case-based reasonin
an area of conventional AI in which the AI software maintains a library of problem cases and solutions
Computational intelligence
an offshoot of AI that employs methodologies such as neural networks, fuzzy systems, and evolutionary computation to set up a system whereby the software can develop intelligence through an iterative learning process
Computer vision
combines hardware and AI software that permit computers to capture, store, and interpret visual images and pictures
Context-Aware Computing
software that uses artificial intelligence to provide services based on environmental context
Conventional AI
also called symbolic AI, logical AI, or neat AI—uses programming that emphasizes statistical analysis to calculate the probability of various outcomes
ES: expert system
a form of conventional AI that is programmed to function like a human expert in a particular field or area
NLP: Natural Language Processing
uses AI techniques to enable computers to generate and understand human languages
Neural Network/ Neural Net
uses software to simulate the functioning of the neurons in a human brain
Personal Digital Assistant
a program that draws from a knowledge base in order to answer questions and perform tasks for a person
Robotics
developing mechanical or computer devices to perform tasks that require a high degree of precision or are tedious or hazardous for humans
Singularity
the point in time at which computers exceed humans in intelligence
Turing Test
devised by Alan Turing as a method of determining if a machine exhibits human intelligence
Glossary: Artificial Intelligence